HOMONID SPECIES
A. Afarensis (lucy)
PA: mixture of ape and human skeletal features. Bipedal = (laetoli footprints: showed she walked upright) Africa
Time Period: 3.8-3.1 million years ago (Pliocene)
Discovered by Donald Johnson and Timothy White
A. Africanis (Taung Child)
PA: Slender, skull had more of a globular shape similar to modern humans’. Short. 5Y Molars
Time Period: Between 3.2-2 million years ago (Pliocene)
Cultural/tech aspects: Most likely used simple tools such as sticks and rocks. No special modifications or techniques. Africa
Discovered by Raymond Dart
A. robustus (Zinji)
PA: Sagittal crest, heavier jaw, robust body
Time Period: 2.25-1.8 million years ago (Pliocene-Pleistocene)
Cultural/tech aspects: Olduwav pebble tools. Africa
Discovered by Robert Broom, later Louis Leaky
Homo erectus
PA: Brow ridges. Modern man from the neck down. Built and slightly shorter than modern.
Time Period: 1.89-143k years ago (Pleistocene)
Cultural/tech: Survive cold temp. Harness fire/cook. Hunt. Hand axes, spears, ect. Skull just a bit smaller. First to set out of Africa.
Discovered by Eugene Dubois
Australopithecines Hunt?
Yes. 1960s-70s bc animal bones + pebble stones
No.80s-present bc tool marks over bite marks indicating scavenge
