- Renaissance deprived from french word meaning rebirth. Led to a renewal of curiosity and creativity of the human spirit.
War of the Roses (1485)
- Fought between the houses, York and Lancaster.
- August, King Richard III(York) battles Hentry Tudor(Lancaster) at Battle of Bosworth Field and loses.
Hentry Tudor
- Becomes King of England shortly and marries Elizabeth of York to solidify his reign.
- Has Arthur, Henry, Margaret who is wife of Scotland, and Mary who's wife of France.
- Arthur marries Catherine of Aragon and dies shortly, remarries Henry in 1509.
Henry III
- 1533, Church of England.
- Six Wives: divorce, died, died, divorce, dies, Henry dies!
Vasco da Gama 1460 - 1524
- First to reach India via Cape of Good Hope 1498
Vasco Nunez de Balboa 1475 - 1519
- Sights the Pacific Ocean in 1513 after crossing Isthmus of Panama
Ferdinand Magellan 1480 -1521
- Sailed for Spain, first to circumference the globe(3 years), died in Philippines.
Ptolemy 90 - 168: Geocentric
Copernicus 1473 - 1543: Heliocentric
Queen Elizabeth I 1533 - 1603
- Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn
- Ruled for 45 years, '33 ~ '58.
- Spanish Armada was the greatest threat and greatest military victory
Spanish Armada 1588
- 150 ships -> 65 return to Libson.
- 25K soldiers and sailors.
- Defeated by English Channel Weather
- Victory proved to be the beginning of English expansion and end of French domination
Sir Walter Raleigh 1552 - 1618
- English poet and adventurer
- Brought back tobacco and potatoes
- Led 2 expansions in search of El Dorado in 1594 and 1616
Sir Francis Drake 1545 - 1596
- English seaman and navigator
- Started as pirate, raided Spanish treasure
- Captured 2 ships worth $15 million
- Made 2nd circumference in 1580
- Knighted by Queen Elizabeth in 1581
John Milton 1608 - 1674
- English Poet
- Paradise Lost (Rebellion of Lucifer and fall of Adam and Eve)
Galileo Galilei 1564 - 1642
- Father of Modern Astr.
- Discovered 4 moons and Jupiter
Isaac Newton 1543 - 1642
- English mathematician and scientist
- Described 3 Laws of Motion
- Invented reflecting telescope
- Universal gravitation
